In a historic ruling, the International Court of Justice (ICJ), the United Nations' highest court, declared that countries are legally obligated under international law to take strong action against climate change. The court found that failing to curb greenhouse gas emissions and protect the climate system could constitute an 'internationally wrongful act,' opening the door for affected nations to seek reparations from major polluters. This landmark opinion was hailed as a victory for climate justice, especially for vulnerable small island states and youth activists who led the campaign. The ICJ emphasized that the enjoyment of human rights is inseparable from environmental protection and that wealthy, high-emitting nations may face financial liability for climate damages. While the ruling is advisory and not legally binding, it significantly strengthens the legal and moral case for urgent global climate action.
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